DIMETILGLIOXIMA: un reactivo químico con 100 años de historia

Autores/as

  • Ricardo R. Contreras Laboratorio de Organometálicos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes
  • Luis M. Barrientos-Contreras Laboratorio de Organometálicos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes
  • Jerica M. Montilla-Suárez Laboratorio de Organometálicos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes
  • Rubén A. Sánchez-Vargas Laboratorio de Organometálicos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes
  • Luigi Manfredy Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37135/unach.001.03.10

Palabras clave:

Dimetilglioxima, dimetilglioximato, quelato, metales de transición, química de coordinación, química analítica

Resumen

La dimetilglioxima (diacetildioxima o butano-2,3-dioxima), dmgH2, es uno de los quelatos de uso más extendido en química de coordinación y analítica. La reacción de formación del bis(dimetilglioximato) de níquel(II), reportada por Lev A. Chugaev (Tschugaeff) en 1905, constituye una de las primeras pruebas específicas para la identificación cualitativa de un metal de transición. Desde entonces, y por más de un siglo, la dimetilglioxima adquirió importancia como un notable agente quelante, y sus compuestos complejos se han venido utilizando en áreas como la química inorgánica, catálisis, electroquímica, ciencia de materiales, entre otras. En este artículo, presentamos una breve revisión de la dimetilglioxima, los dimetilglioximatos metálicos y algunas de sus aplicaciones más representativas. La revisión indica que, además de su gran éxito como reactivo analítico para la determinación de metales, existen importantes estudios de los dimetilglioximatos metálicos como catalizadores de diversas reacciones, destacando la producción de hidrógeno molecular, una reacción de importancia por su impacto en la economía del hidrógeno y la química verde.

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2019-06-06

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Contreras, R. R., Barrientos-Contreras, L. M., Montilla-Suárez, J. M., Sánchez-Vargas, R. A., & Manfredy, L. (2019). DIMETILGLIOXIMA: un reactivo químico con 100 años de historia. Novasinergia, ISSN 2631-2654, 2(1), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.37135/unach.001.03.10

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